Pioneers of Interference Network Research

First of all, we have to remember to Karl S. Lashley and Lloyd A. Jeffress. Independently they found first, elementary interferencial principles in the early 40th.

And Andrew Packard showed the proof of the wave nature of nerve pulses on the skin of squids:

This is the man, who made 1995 one of the most important and direction-giving discoveries in Neuro-Science. The Packard Glacier in Antarctica is named for him. Also he found excitation waves - characterizing probability waves or interference nets - on the skin of squids (octopus). We meet us at a conference at the isle of Ischia 1998 and became friends. See Andrews color waves on squids. Contact him for details.

While I wrote 1993 the book "Neuronale Interferenzen", Mazakazu (Mark) Konishi brought an interference network for sound localization to widest audience. The circuit was a simplified version basing on the findings of his teacher Lloyd A. Jeffress. We had interesting discussions. Read an introduction about his and Lloyds findings here.

Interference nets do not need any artifical background to be holistic. As a student and co-worker for the rat experiments of Karl Spencer Lashley, Karl Pribram had special interest in the new field of holography invented by the 1971 Nobel Price winner Dénes Gábor. Pribram brought the idea of holonomy into neuroscience in the 1960s (applying holography onto inhomogeneous substrates (nerve nets). Independent of him, I called the holistic approach in the 90th the "Interference Networks". See a preview of some details in "Brain and Mathematics". It is impressing, which genious imagination Karl Lashley had in the late 1940th about nerves, interference pattern and holograms. Donald Hebb played an important rule in his findings. Find the amazing story here.

Inspired by Karl Pribram's holonomy Walter Freeman 1972 had the inspiration to draw a neural field with probability waves*. We used the chance to talk about discrete, non-linear wave fields and holonomy in Wildbad Kreuth/Bavaria 2007

* Freeman, Walter J.: Waves, Pulses, and the Theory of Neural Masses. Journal PROGRESS IN THEORETICAL BIOLOGY, VOL. 2, 1972, Academic Press Inc.

Mosche Abeles was so kind to give audience to talk about his synfire chains as archetypes of interference nets in Rehovot/Israel 2005

Shun-Ichi Amari in Berlin 2000 and in Stirling/Scotland 2004 was open to discussions of interferencial predictions for his cognitive networks - a possibility to reach advance in the recognition of the function of nerve nets.

A pioneer of acoustic mapping, John Billingsley, was one of the first, who used microphone arrays. He told about his 'Acoustic Telescope' a nice story.

Hans-Heinrich Bothe was the person, who encouraged me to proceed with research and publications about interference networks without of any grants. Together with Jenny Ryffel he organized the last large neuro-conferences. I hold lectures at his conferences in Cuba 2002, Australia 2000 and Berlin 2000. Hiking in the Südtiroler Alpen, Hans died 2013 much to early. We will never forget him.

The first demonstration for the specific behaviour of interference networks were acoustic images. And she was the person, who developed the software for first interference network simulations and for the worlds first acoustic images and movies. Together we tried to understand what we are doing. "Biene" Sabine Höfs (geb. Schwanitz) worked from 1993 to 1997 at GFaI. Now she is a successful businesswoman. Find details about her software PSI-Tools here. The later medial interest in these findings was surprising.
I think, today several hundred persons found acoustic imaging jobs for their living in dozens of companies worlwide: they all should be grateful to her, she opened the door of acoustic photo- and cinematography.